Keywords: Azerbaijan, conservation, archaeological materials!
ABSTRAC
The first archaeological excavations in Azerbaijan were carried out by A.S.Uvarov, W.Belck, R.Wirchow, E.Rosler, A.A.Ivanovski and by others in XIX though their finds were taken in Tiflis (Tbilisi), St. Petersburg and European countries. However, the history of conservation of archeological materials in Azerbaijan began in 1920 after the formation of the National Museum of History of Azerbaijan. After having a great amount of archeological materials found during excavations and Museum of Tiflis, either findings found by accidentally the Museum has been faced with many problems connected with documentation and conservation of these objects. At that time we had not so many specialists of conservation in Azerbaijan. In 1930 the head of Archeology fond (magazine) Ishag Jafarzade was sent to Odessa (Ukraine) to study about conservation of archeological materials. When he came back he began teaching museum workers about his experience and conservation of archaeological materials personally.
In 1950 was created a laboratory supplied with equipments in the museum. Copper and bronze things are cleaned from rust and are pulled protective solutions, stone, ceramic and glass things are restored with gypsum and glue in this laboratory. Some iron obejcts are set to paraffin as finding from excavation. But this laboratory couldn’t be research center which keep up with the time. Therefore, one part of the valuable historical objects are sent to Moscow and are conservated at high prices.
Some archaeological materials have been conservated by European specialists lately. Some metal things have been conservated in Stavanger city of Norway when “Karvansarai. Azerbaijan the Land of Fire” exibition in 2006. Exposition of National Museum of Azerbaijan History were designed by Italian specialists in 2005-2007 years. This group also conservated seven stone monuments (Ahaemenid column bases, stone under cross with Albanian writing, big woman statue, inscription on a stone from castle with Kufic-Arabian writing and etc.). More five bronze and iron objects have been conservated by specialists on metal asked from Italy.
Part of historical objects exposed in Museum exposition and protected in Archaeological magazine need to be cleaned and conservated. Because, many iron, bronze, ceramic, glass, wood, bone, fabric things is situtation how finding from archaeological excavations. President of the Azerbaijan Republic Ilham Aliyev have been ordered big sum for conservation and restoration of Museum exponates when paying a visit to National Museum of Azerbaijan History in December of the 2007. Museum laboratory have been renewed and supplied with modern equipments. The biggest problem is specialist insufficiency now. I believe that this will be a big importance of meeting for us.
Publishing place: 1th Meeting “Youth in Conservation of Cultural Heritage – YOCOCU”, Rome, 24th-25th November 2008
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